CellStruct_Function


 * **PROKARYOTE ** || VS.  || **EUKARYOTE** ||
 * 1. Smaller ||  || **1. Bigger (10-100x)** ||
 * 2. Less Complicated (Single-celled) ||  || **2. More Complicated**
 * -has membrane bound organelles** ||
 * **3. No Nucleus** ||  || **3. Contains a Nucleus** ||


 * Chloroplast**- double membrane organelle that captures light energy and converts it to chemical energy through photosynthesis in plant cells in the cytoplasm
 * Centriole**- organelle that plays a role in cell division and is made of microtubules


 * Cell membrane**- flexible, selectively permeable boundary that surrounds the cell and helps control what enters and leaves the cell


 * [[image:Cellwall.jpg]]Cell wall**- in plants, the rigid barrier that surrounds the outside of the plasma membrane, is made of cellulose, and provides support and protection for the cell


 * Vacuole**- membrane-bound vesicle for temporary storage of materials such as food, enzymes and wastes in plants


 * Ribosomes**- produce proteins. Located in cytoplasm or on the endoplasmic reticulum


 * Endoplasmic Reticulum**- assembles lipids and is where protein and lipid synthesis occurs. Attached to the nucleus.


 * Golgi Bodies**- package, sort, and modify proteins and it is located in the cytoplasm


 * Lysosome**- breaks down lipids, carbs, and proteins. Located in the cytoplasm.


 * Mitochondria**- convert chemical energy into a more convenient form called ATP.Located in the cytoplasm.


 * Nucleus**- A nucleus is a large membrane-enclosed structure that contains the cell’s genetic material in the form of DNA.
 * Nucleolus**- A nucleolus is a small dense region within the nucleus where the assembly of ribosomes begins.


 * Diffusion**-the net movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.


 * Osmosis**- the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane.


 * Facilitated diffusion**-the passive transport of ions and small molecules across the plasma membrane by transport proteins.


 * Active Transport**-the energy-requiring process by which substances move across the plasma membrane against a concentration gradient.


 * Endocytosis**-the energy-requiring process by which large substances from the outside environment can enter a cell.

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 * Exocytosis**-the energy-requiring process by which a cell expels wastes and secretes substances at the plasma membrane.