ER+and+Golgi+Bodies

 **Endoplas mi c Reti   cul u  m, G  olgi A pp  <span style="color: rgb(107, 214, 0);">aratus, <span style="color: rgb(0, 245, 117);">and Their R <span style="color: rgb(0, 88, 235);">elation to <span style="color: rgb(80, 0, 214);">Each Other  ** <span style="display: block; font-size: 150%; color: rgb(152, 6, 25); font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; text-align: center;"> **<span style="display: block; font-size: 150%; color: rgb(233, 7, 10); background-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"><span style="color: rgb(2, 16, 227);"><span style="color: rgb(255, 245, 245);">Golgi Apparatus ****<span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="color: rgb(251, 4, 4);">aka: Golgi Bodies, Golgi Complex  **<span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">

<span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"> <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"> <span style="color: rgb(255, 106, 0);"><span style="color: rgb(255, 145, 0);"><span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">//**<span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="color: rgb(200, 79, 227);">Structure **//    <span style="color: rgb(255, 106, 0);"><span style="color: rgb(255, 145, 0);"><span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"><span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"> <span style="font-size: 120%; color: rgb(10, 33, 219);">
 * <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"> <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> <span style="color: rgb(219, 211, 0); font-family: Georgia,serif;">Found in both plant and animal cells
 * <span style="color: rgb(32, 168, 0);"><span style="color: rgb(53, 167, 6);"><span style="color: rgb(121, 255, 10);"><span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"><span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">Composed of **<span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">cisternae **
 * <span style="color: rgb(7, 27, 233);"><span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">  <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">cisternae: a series of five to eight cup-shaped, membrane-       <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">   <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">covered sacs
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 120%; color: rgb(190, 4, 101); font-family: Georgia,serif;">some may have as many as 60
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"><span style="color: rgb(237, 7, 7); font-family: Georgia,serif;">Number of Golgi bodies per cell varies
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> <span style="font-size: 120%; color: rgb(244, 146, 6); font-family: Georgia,serif;">most animal cells have between 10-20 Golgi stacks/cell
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> <span style="font-size: 120%; color: rgb(245, 226, 0); font-family: Georgia,serif;">linked together through tubular connections between cisternae
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"><span style="color: rgb(48, 184, 0); font-family: Georgia,serif;">Usually located near the cell nucleus

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> **//<span style="font-size: 120%; color: rgb(6, 20, 183);">Function //** <span style="color: rgb(214, 0, 138);"><span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 101);"><span style="color: rgb(124, 121, 121);">**"The Packaging Organelle"**
 * 1) <span style="color: rgb(209, 0, 145); font-family: Georgia,serif;">Modifies proteins and lipids built in the E.R.
 * 2) <span style="color: rgb(224, 0, 0); font-family: Georgia,serif;">Sent to the Golgi Apparatus from the E.R. via vesicles that travel through the cytoplasm
 * 3) <span style="color: rgb(230, 134, 0);"><span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">These vesicles enter the Golgi in its **cis face** (see picture above)
 * 4) <span style="color: rgb(224, 219, 0); font-family: Georgia,serif;">The vesicles then fuse with the Golgi membrane and release its stored molecules into it.
 * 5) <span style="color: rgb(4, 184, 0); font-family: Georgia,serif;">These molecules are then further processed by the Golgi.
 * 6) <span style="color: rgb(10, 0, 199); font-family: Georgia,serif;">It does this by adding molecules or chopping small pieces of the ends.
 * 7) <span style="color: rgb(194, 0, 137); font-family: Georgia,serif;">The final product is then shipped out of the Golgi via a vesicle, and is carried to its destination either inside or outside the cell.
 * 8) <span style="color: rgb(245, 0, 0);"><span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Exported from the **trans face** (see image above).
 * 9) <span style="color: rgb(245, 124, 0); font-family: Georgia,serif;">These excreted products are proteins or glycoproteins that help the cell function
 * 10) <span style="color: rgb(240, 211, 0); font-family: Georgia,serif;">Other products may be returned to the E.R. or become lysosomes

=[|Parts of an Animal Cell]= (click either "Animal Cell" or "Plant Cell", find //Golgi Apparatus// and the //Endoplasmic Reticulum//)

**Golgi Apparatus Protein Modification Video** media type="youtube" key="u38LjCOvDZU" height="344" width="425"

= = =<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">E.R. (Endoplasmic Reticulum) =

<span style="color: rgb(219, 56, 10);"><span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Structure:

 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"><span style="color: rgb(255, 187, 0);">Membranes which form a tubular network throughout the cell .[[image:http://www.unipv.it/webbio/anatcomp/freitas/2006-2007/smooth%20&%20rough.jpg width="360" height="261" align="right"]]
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"><span style="color: rgb(80, 245, 20);">The rough ER has ribosomes on and around it.
 * <span style="color: rgb(33, 131, 11);"><span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">The smooth ER has no ribosomes.
 * <span style="color: rgb(37, 16, 213);"><span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">The ER can vary in apperance depending on the cell's needs.
 * <span style="color: rgb(124, 70, 221);"><span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">The rough ER is found close to the neucleus.
 * <span style="color: rgb(232, 48, 218);"><span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">The smooth ER is found close to the neucleus as well but farther away than the rough ER.

<span style="color: rgb(244, 47, 95);"><span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Function:
<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> <span style="color: rgb(18, 16, 193);">sends them where they need to go, either in the cell or out.
 * <span style="color: rgb(203, 11, 33);"><span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Rough ER
 * <span style="color: rgb(244, 121, 47);"><span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">The site of protein synthesis.
 * <span style="color: rgb(214, 194, 46);"><span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Its job is to package and transport proteins made by the ribosomes.
 * <span style="color: rgb(125, 244, 47);"><span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Smooth ER
 * <span style="color: rgb(30, 156, 17);"><span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Transports proteins from the rough ER to the golgi, which in-turn
 * <span style="color: rgb(18, 16, 193);"><span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> <span style="color: rgb(150, 17, 192);">The proteins are transproted using vesicles.

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">__//How They are Related//__
<span style="color: rgb(215, 20, 20); font-family: Georgia,serif;"><span style="color: rgb(144, 20, 225);">After traveling through the rough and smooth ER the proteins are carried to the golgi apparatus. The golgi then packages and sorts them and moves them where they need to go. The proteins can be carried in or out of the cell depending on the cell's needs.

=
__**//Works Cited//** (very bottom of page) Davidson, Michael W. "The Golgi Apparatus." __Www.micro.magnet.fsu.edu__. 13 Dec. 2004. Florida State University. 14 Dec. 2008 <http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/cells/golgi/golgiapparatus.html>. "Golgi Apparatus- Packing things up."__ Biology4Kids.com__. 2008. Andrew Radar Studios. 14 Dec. 2008 <http://www.biology4kids.com/files /cell_golgi.html>.__ Golgi: Protein Modification__. Prod. WWWIC. Perf. Christina Johnson.__ Wwwic.ndsu.edu__. 2008. North Dakota State University. 14 Dec. 2008 <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u38ljcovdzu&feature=channel_page>. Greenberg, Jon, ed.__ BSCS Biology : A Molecular Approach__. New York: Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, 2000. 163-72.======